COUNCIL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAMBODIA (CDC)

3.4 DISBURSEMENTS BY TYPE AND TERMS OF
ASSISTANCE

37. The composition of ODA disbursed by type and terms of assistance of the total ODA that has been reported by development cooperation partners to have been delivered to Cambodia since 1992, around 6.3 billion US dollars, was as follows (Table 8):

2.4 billion US$ or 37.7 percent of total ODA was provided as “free-standing technical cooperation”, nearly all of it as grants.
2.2 billion US$ or 35.9 percent of ODA was “investment project assistance”. Over 47 percent of this type of assistance was delivered as loans.
670 million US$ or 10.7 percent of ODA since 1992 was provided as “food aid, emergency and relief assistance”, all of it as grants.
491.6 million US$ or 7.8 percent was provided as “budgetary aid/balance of payments support”. Around two-thirds of this assistance was in the form of loans and one-third as grants.
484.5 million US$ or 7.7 percent of ODA was provided as “investment-related technical cooperation”, a small proportion of which, 5.3 percent, was as loans and the rest as grants.

CHART 3: DISBURSEMENTS BY TERMS OF ASSISTANCE AND DONORS CATEGORY
2001-2005

38. Over the period of 1992-2005, the composition of ODA by "type of assistance" has changed significantly. The share of "free-standing technical cooperation" increased from 20.5 percent of total ODA received in 1992 and 1993, to 40.2 percent in the 1994-98 period, and 44.1 percent during 1999-2003. In 2004, it is reported to have declined to 31.9 percent of total disbursements and increased again in 2005 to 34.7 percent of total disbursements. The share of "investment project assistance" in total ODA has steadily increased from 17.5 percent in 1992 and 1993, to 34.2 percent over 1994-98, and 36.2 percent of total ODA during 1999-2003. In 2004 and 2005, this type of assistance accounted for 46.9 percent and 49.8 percent of total disbursements. It should be noted, however, that a large share of "investment project assistance" was financed through loans: 57.9 percent of this type of assistance in 1999-2003, 72.2 percent in 2004, and 59 percent in 2005.
TABLE 8: DISBURSEMENTS BY TYPE AND TERMS OF ASSISTANCE
(in millions of US Dollars)

Type of Assistance	Terms of Assistance	1999-2003 US$ %		2004 US$ %		2005 US$ %		TOTAL 1992-2005 Disbursements US$ %
Free-Standing Technical Cooperation	Grants Loans TOTAL	997.8 0.0 997.8	44.1 0.0 44.1	177.1 0.0 177.1	31.9 31.9	182.2 0.1 182.2	34.7 0.0 34.7	2,347.7 13.8 2,361.5	37.5 0.2 37.7
Investment-Related Technical cooperation	Grants Loans TOTAL	152.4 23.8 176.2	6.3 1.0 7.3	86.4 0.0 86.4	15.6 15.6	56.3 56.3	10.7 10.7	458.7 25.8 484.5	7.3 0.4 7.7
Investment Project Assistance	Grants Loans TOTAL	367.4 504.9 872.2	15.3 21.0 36.2	72.6 188.2 260.8	13.1 33.9 46.9	107.1 154.1 261.2	20.4 29.4 49.8	1,190.5 1,058.6 2,249.0	19.0 16.9 35.9
Budgetary Aid/ Balance of Payments Support	Grants Loans TOTAL	80.8 110.6 191.4	3.4 4.6 7.9	6.4 0.0 6.4	1.1 1.1	2.7 2.7	0.5 0.5	165.7 325.8 491.6	2.6 5.2 7.8
Food Aid, Emergency and Relief Assistance	Grants Loans TOTAL	171.1 0.0 171.1	7.1 0.0 7.1	20.2 0.0 20.2	3.6 3.6	17.1 17.1	3.3 3.3	670.4 0.0 670.4	10.7 10.7
Not Reported	Grants Loans Total	0.0 0.0 0.0	0.0 0.0 0.0	4.6 0.0 4.6	0.8 0.8	5.3 5.3	1.0 1.0	10.0 0.0 10.0	0.2 0.2
Total Disbursements	Grants Loans TOTAL	1,769.5 639.2 2,408.8	73.5 26.5 100.0	367.2 188.2 555.4	66.1 33.9 100.0	370.7 154.2 524.9	70.6 29.4 100.0	4,843.0 1,424.0 6,267.0	77.3 22.7 100.0

39. The two categories – “free-standing technical cooperation” and “investment project assistance” – continue to be the two major areas of support accounting for 73.6 percent of total ODA disbursed over the period of 1992-2005. It should be noted that while “free-standing technical cooperation” is by and large composed of grants, the “investment project assistance” consists of both loans and grants. The detailed data on ODA disbursements by type and terms of assistance and by year for the period of 1992-2005 is presented in Annex IV.

40. Over the period of 2001-2005, ODA disbursed as:

Investment Project Assistance was the largest component, 43.3 percent, of ODA received by Cambodia during 2001-2005 (Table 9). Together with Free-Standing Technical Cooperation these two types of assistance constituted nearly 80 percent of total ODA received during 2001-2005. Over the last five years, investment project assistance increased from 189.8 million US dollars in 2001 accounting for 40.2 percent of ODA to 261.2 million representing 49.8 percent of ODA received in 2005. A large part of this type of assistance is being financed through loans: 51.3 percent in 2001, 71.6 percent in 2002, 59.3 percent in 2003, 72.2 percent in 2004, and 59 percent in 2005.

CHART 4: DISBURSEMENTS BY TYPE AND TERMS OF ASSISTANCE
1992 - 2005
1999-2003

2004

2005

Free-Standing Technical Cooperation constituted the second largest component, 36.2 percent, of total assistance. Nearly all of this type of assistance has been as grants (Table 9). There are significant year to year fluctuations in the proportion of this type of assistance in the data reported by development partners. In 2001, this type of assistance constituted 37.3 percent of all ODA. The proportion increased to 42.9 percent in 2002 then declined to 34.4 percent in 2003, and 31.9 percent in 2004. It increased to 34.7 percent of total ODA in 2005. It should be noted, however, that the size of this type of assistance as well as some of these fluctuations may be due to misclassification of the activities reported as Free-Standing Technical Cooperation. Over the next year, CDC will be reviewing the reported data to develop more reliable information.
Investment-Related Technical Cooperation constituted the third largest component, 10.6 percent, of total assistance. ODA disbursement in this category had steadily increased from US$ 26.3 million in 2001 to US$86.4 million in 2004. In 2005, they declined to US$ 56.3 million.
Budgetary Aid/Balance Payments Support has steadily declined from 46 million in 2001 to 2.7 million in 2005.
Food Aid, Emergency and Relief Assistance accounted for 4.7 percent of total ODA disbursed over the last five years, 2001-2005. As should be expected the amount disbursed has fluctuated over the years from a high of 33.6 million in 2001 following the severe floods to a low of 17.1 million US dollars in 2005.

TABLE 9: DISBURSEMENTS BY TYPE AND TERMS OF ASSISTANCE: 2001-2005
(in millions of US Dollars)

Type of Assistance	Terms of Assistance	2001 Actual US$ %		2002 Actual US$ %		2003 Actual US$ %		2004 Actual US$ %		2005 Provisional US$ %		2001-2005 Total Disbursements US$ %
Free-Standing Technical cooperation	Grants Loans TOTAL	176.1 0 176.1	37.3 0 37.3	227.6 0 227.6	42.9 0 42.9	185.4 0 185.4	34.4 34.4	177.1 0.0 177.1	31.9 31.9	182.2 0.1 182.2	34.7 0.0 34.7	948.3 0.1 948.4	36.2 0.0 36.2
Investment-Related Technical cooperation	Grants Loans TOTAL	26.3 0 26.3	5.6 0 5.6	24.0 23.8 47.8	4.5 4.5 9.0	61.7 0.0 61.7	11.4 11.4	86.4 0.0 86.4	15.6 15.6	56.3 0.0 56.3	10.7 10.7	254.7 23.8 278.5	9.7 0.9 10.6
Investment Project Assistance	Grants Loans TOTAL	92.5 97.3 189.8	19.6 20.6 40.2	54.3 136.8 191.1	10.2 25.8 36.0	94.6 138.2 232.9	17.5 25.6 43.2	72.6 188.2 260.8	13.1 33.9 46.9	107.1 154.1 261.2	20.4 29.4 49.8	421.0 714.7 1,135.8	16.1 27.3 43.3
Budgetary Aid/ Balance of Payments Support	Grants Loans TOTAL	18.4 27.5 46.0	3.9 5.8 9.7	16.8 22.6 39.4	3.2 4.3 7.4	4.2 27.9 32.1	0.8 5.2 5.9	6.4 0.0 6.4	1.1 1.1	2.7 0.0 2.7	0.5 0.5	48.5 78.0 126.5	1.9 3.0 4.8
Food Aid, Emergency and Relief Assistance	Grants Loans TOTAL	33.6 0 33.6	7.1 0 7.1	25.0 0 25.0	4.7 0 4.7	27.5 0.0 27.5	5.1 5.1	20.2 0.0 20.2	3.6 3.6	17.1 0.0 17.1	3.3 3.3	123.4 0.0 123.4	4.7 4.7
Not Reported	Grants Loans TOTAL	0 0 0	0 0 0	0 0 0	0 0 0	0.0 0.0 0.0	0.0 0.0 0.0	4.6 0.0 4.6	0.8 0.0 0.8	5.3 0.0 5.3	1.0 1.0	10.0 0.0 10.0	0.4 0.0 0.4
Total Disbursements	Grants Loans TOTAL	347.0 124.9 471.8	73.5 26.5 100.0	347.7 183.2 530.9	65.5 34.5 100.0	373.4 166.1 539.5	69.2 30.8 100.0	367.2 188.2 555.4	66.1 33.9 100.0	370.7 154.2 524.9	70.6 29.4 100.0	1,805.9 816.6 2,622.5	68.9 31.1 100.0

41. Based on information provided by development partners, the major contributors to different types of assistance in the years 2004 and 2005 were as follows:

Free-Standing Technical Cooperation: Total ODA reported by development cooperation partners to have been disbursed in this category amounted to US$ 177.1 million in 2004 and US$ 182.2 million in 2005. In 2004, the major contributors were: NGOs, United States, UN agencies, Germany, European Commission, and United Kingdom. In 2005, the major contributors were: United States, NGOs, UN agencies, European Commission, France, and United Kingdom.

CHART 5: DISBURSEMENTS BY TYPE, TERMS OF ASSISTANCE
AND YEAR 1992-2005

Investment-Related Technical Cooperation: Disbursements for this type of assistance declined significantly in 2005 to US$ 56.3 million from 86.4 million in 2004. The top three major contributors in 2004 have included: Japan (US$ 34.8 million), France (US$ 17.5 million), and Australia (US$ 10.3 million). In 2005, the three major contributors have included: Japan (US$ 20.8 million), Australia (US$ 10.8 million), and United Kingdom (US$ 7.7 million).
Investment Project Assistance: Disbursement for this type of assistance were US$ 260.8 million in 2004 and US$ 261.2 million in 2005. In 2004, the five major contributors were: Asian Development Bank (US$ 76.7 million), Japan (US$ 52.4 million), World Bank (US$ 49.5 million), China (US$ 31.8 million), and Republic of Korea (US$ 20.2 million).
Budgetary Aid/Balance of Payments Support: Disbursements for this type of assistance have declined significantly from US$ 46.0 million in 2001 to US$ 2.7 million in 2005. In 2004, of the total US$ 6.4 million, Japan had contributed US$ 4.6 million and Sweden US$ 1.8 million. In 2005, of the total US$ 2.7 million disbursed, European Commission had contributed US$ 2 million and Sweden US$ 0.7 million.
Food Aid and Humanitarian/Emergency Relief Assistance: The total disbursements in this category were US$ 20.2 in 2004 and US$ 17.1 million in 2005. The UN Agency, World Food Programme (WFP), was the largest contributor in both years: US$ 12.2 million in 2004 and US$ 14.0 million in 2005. Australia contributed US$ 7.6 million in 2004 and 2.9 million in 2005.

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